On October 21, 1966, the small village of Aberfan in South Wales faced a disaster of unimaginable proportions. After days of heavy rain, a colossal spoil tip, made up of accumulated mining debris on the hills above the village, suddenly became unstable. Within moments, over 150,000 cubic meters of liquefied slurry cascaded down the hillside with terrifying speed and force. The avalanche engulfed Pantglas Junior School and several nearby houses just as the school day was beginning. What makes thi