The study is published in Nature. In the theoretical model favored by scientists, galaxies form gradually within large halos of dark matter. Dark matter halos capture gas (atoms and molecules) into gravitationally bound structures.

Three ultra-massive galaxies from the early universe, named "red monsters" show star formation happened faster than believed.

A group of international astronomers have discovered three mysterious, ultra-massive galaxies in the early universe. The galaxies – systems of stars, gas, dust, and dark matter – appear in a view from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope like creepy, blood-red glowing eyes. They get their striking color from their extreme amount of dust.

An international team of astronomers has identified three ultra-massive galaxies—each nearly as massive as the Milky Way—already in place within the first billion years after the Big Bang. The discovery is surprising because it indicates that the formation of stars in the early Universe was far more efficient than previously thought,

The James Webb telescope has spotted three gigantic "red monster" galaxies that were spawned soon after the Big Bang. They're so large they could rewrite the laws of galactic evolution.

In the dark reaches of the early universe, three monstrous galaxies were already lurking — a mere billion years after the Big Bang. These galaxies, nearly as massive as our own Milky Way, were just uncovered by an international team led by the University of Geneva (UNIGE).

An international team that includes the University of Bath has discovered three ultra-massive galaxies (‘Red Monsters’) in the early Universe forming at unexpected speeds, challenging current models of galaxy formation.