Deep beneath the streets of Rome near the Vatican, overlooking the banks of the Tiber River, Italian archaeologists have uncovered a hidden gem of Roman history — Caligula’s secret garden. This ...

At first, Caligula lived up to expectations ... Still spending, but now short of cash, he began blackmailing leading Roman families and confiscating their estates. In 40 AD, he led an army ...

Philo wrote that they could practice their religion and received the same help as any other Roman. But Augustus died, and within decades the situation was very different. In 39 AD, when Caligula ...