The Khazar state, often called Khaganate because of the title of its leaders, was a semi-nomadic empire in the Eurasian steppe that existed between the 7th and 11th centuries.

A group of Caucasus Jews circa 1876. While there were many Jews living in Georgia, Armenia and the Caucasus, the claims that all of European Jewry stemmed from the 8th century Khazar empire is not ...

Hartley’s chronological narrative, rich in vivid detail, begins over 1,000 years ago, when the principality of Kievan Rus vied with the Khazar Khaganate and the Bulgars for the lucrative trade on the ...