Theoretically, press experiments should evidence both direct and indirect effects while pulse experiments should only present direct effects. However, some indirect effects can occur quickly ...

These indirect measures allow for inference that learning has taken place, but it does not provide the same level of tangible, visible, and measurable evidence as a direct assessment of student ...

For years, the Lemon test from 1971 was considered an untouchable bedrock of the Establishment Clause. Yet, after chipping ...

Direct effects, as the name implies ... In spite of a lack of experimental and theoretical treatment by ecologists, evidence that indirect effects can be strong, and important, had been present ...

This paper attempts to establish stylized facts on direct and indirect trade and its impact on firm performance using firm transaction data of Japanese firms, with the special goal of shedding light ...