For example, a well documented mutualism is ... experiments due to the fact that responses can contain a mix of direct and indirect effects. By using the appropriate experimental design and ...

Indirect effects can be defined as the impact of one organism or species on another, mediated or transmitted by a third. For example, a caterpillar may exert a direct effect on a plant by eating it.

The total cost of federally-sponsored projects includes a combination of both direct and indirect (F&A) costs. Some examples* of indirect (F&A) costs include: CU Boulder's indirect cost rate is ...

Some examples of suitable applications include elevated concrete pours, large warehouses, and exterior conditioning. Indirect-fired heaters have some significant differences from their direct ...

The application of these rates allows UB to recover certain costs (for example, but not limited ... Indirect (F&A) Cost Rate The total indirect (F&A) costs attributable to research are compared to the ...

Direct and indirect quotes are two methods of expressing ... Basically, it represents the price of another country's money. For example, if the EUR/USD exchange rate is 1.10, this means that ...

Here are eight common examples of indirect taxes that you may find yourself ... rather than through the payment of goods and services. Unlike direct taxes, which are levied based on a taxpayer ...